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The ZiS-485, army designation BAV (Russian, ''большой автомобиль водоплавающий'' - ''bolshoi avtomobil vodoplavayushchiy'', ''big floating vehicle''), is a Soviet amphibious transport, almost a direct copy of the WWII American DUKW. Introduced in 1952,〔Hogg & Weeks, p.308, "BAV-485".〕 it was intended to complement the GAZ 46 4x4 amphibious reconnaissance vehicle, but using the ZiS-151 6x6 truck (also used in the BTR-152)〔Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare'' (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 5, p.476, "BTR"〕 as its basis.〔 Similar in size to the DUKW, which it resembles, the BAV has a rear tail gate making loading and unloading easier, rather than all cargo being loaded over the side by crane. Initially based on ZiS-151 truck, after the introduction of the improved ZiL-157 the vehicle was modernized using its components now bearing the designation ZiL-485A (army designation was BAV-A). The cargo body is open, but a canvas cover is available. Propulsion in water is by means of propeller. BAVs were used in service by Warsaw Pact Armies and in the Middle East up to the 1980s.〔Hogg & Weeks, p.309, "BAV-485".〕 In use by the Soviet Union and its allies and client states the BAV was gradually replaced by the much larger tracked PTS amphibious vehicles. ==Specification== *Rear axle clearance: *Ground clearance: *Front track: *Rear track: *Turning radius: *Maximum speed (loaded, highway): *Tyres: 8¼x20 in (21x102 cm) *Fuel tank capacity: 2x *Fuel consumption: 6.7 mpg *Top speed: 60 km/h (37 mph) (road) 10 km/h (6.2 mph) (water) *Range: 480 km (298 mi) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「BAV 485」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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